Flat feet, also known as fallen arches, occur when the arches of the feet collapse, causing the entire sole to come into complete or near-complete contact with the ground. While some individuals with flat feet experience no discomfort, for many, this condition can lead to significant biomechanical issues and chronic pain as a foot stress fractures doctor has seen many times. Understanding the implications of flat feet on the body can help in managing symptoms and preventing further complications.
The human foot is a complex structure composed of bones, ligaments, muscles, and tendons, all of which work together to provide support, balance, and movement. A healthy arch helps distribute body weight evenly across the feet and provides a natural shock absorption system during walking, running, and standing. When this arch is absent or overly flexible, the alignment of the foot and the entire lower body can be affected as our friends at Dynamic Foot and Ankle Center can further explain.
Effects On The Body
One of the most immediate impacts of flat feet is altered gait, or walking pattern. People with flat feet often overpronate, meaning their feet roll inward excessively when they walk. This can place increased strain on the ankles, knees, hips, and lower back. Over time, this misalignment may contribute to joint pain and the development of conditions such as plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinitis, shin splints, or even arthritis in the knees and hips.
The effects of flat feet are not limited to the lower body. When posture is compromised at the feet, it can lead to compensatory changes throughout the musculoskeletal system. For example, if the feet collapse inward, the knees may rotate inward as well, placing uneven pressure on the joints. This chain reaction can extend upward, affecting the alignment of the pelvis and spine, which may result in chronic lower back pain and reduced mobility.
In children, flat feet are common and often resolve naturally as the arch develops. However, in adults, flat feet are generally permanent and may worsen with age, weight gain, pregnancy, or prolonged standing. Factors such as genetics, injury, weak arches, or conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes can also increase the likelihood of developing flat feet.
Symptoms And Treatment
Treatment for flat feet depends on the severity of symptoms. For those experiencing pain or dysfunction, interventions such as custom orthotics, supportive footwear, physical therapy, and stretching exercises can help realign the body and reduce discomfort. Strengthening the muscles of the foot and calf, improving balance, and increasing flexibility in the Achilles tendon are key components of most treatment plans. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be considered, especially when conservative treatments fail to provide relief.
It’s important for individuals with flat feet to monitor their posture, foot alignment, and pain levels regularly. Left untreated, flat feet can lead to long-term complications and reduced quality of life. By understanding the impact of this condition on the body and taking proactive steps toward management, individuals can minimize discomfort and maintain functional movement for years to come. If you are experiencing foot pain, contact a doctor near you.